**这是本文档旧的修订版！**
用蜂鸣器播放音乐
1. 编程蜂鸣器
1.首先从machine库导入Pin和PWM，从utime库导入sleep.
from machine import Pin, PWM from utime import sleep
2.初始化PWM(也就是脉宽调制)到管脚PIO(22)，并分配它为变量buzzer。
buzzer = PWM(Pin(22))
3.给变量buzzer分配一个频率属性，选择10到12,000之间的数值，数值越大音调越高，我们可以设定为500.
buzzer.freq(500)
4.将蜂鸣器对象的duty_u16属性设置为1000，这就能让蜂鸣器尽可能地响。更低的值更安静，0根本没有声音。
buzzer.duty_u16(1000)
5.设置1秒的延迟，然后将duty设置为0，这样声音就会停止。如果不这样做，即使程序执行完毕，嗡嗡声也会继续。
sleep(1) buzzer.duty_u16(0)
最终的代码：
from machine import Pin, PWM from utime import sleep buzzer = PWM(Pin(22)) buzzer.freq(500) buzzer.duty_u16(1000) sleep(1) buzzer.duty_u16(0)
2. 播放音乐
因为你可以使用不同的频率，你可以创造一个完整的音符阵列。网上有一些音符频率的列表，其中许多可以追溯到Brett Hagman在Github上的Arduino音调库。我们将使用这些值创建一个列表，以便在代码早期播放任何歌曲。
1.在管脚PIO(22)上导入必要的库并初始化PWM。
from machine import Pin, PWM from utime import sleep buzzer = PWM(Pin(22))
2.使用下列值创建一个名为tones的字典。
tones = { "B0": 31, "C1": 33, "CS1": 35, "D1": 37, "DS1": 39, "E1": 41, "F1": 44, "FS1": 46, "G1": 49, "GS1": 52, "A1": 55, "AS1": 58, "B1": 62, "C2": 65, "CS2": 69, "D2": 73, "DS2": 78, "E2": 82, "F2": 87, "FS2": 93, "G2": 98, "GS2": 104, "A2": 110, "AS2": 117, "B2": 123, "C3": 131, "CS3": 139, "D3": 147, "DS3": 156, "E3": 165, "F3": 175, "FS3": 185, "G3": 196, "GS3": 208, "A3": 220, "AS3": 233, "B3": 247, "C4": 262, "CS4": 277, "D4": 294, "DS4": 311, "E4": 330, "F4": 349, "FS4": 370, "G4": 392, "GS4": 415, "A4": 440, "AS4": 466, "B4": 494, "C5": 523, "CS5": 554, "D5": 587, "DS5": 622, "E5": 659, "F5": 698, "FS5": 740, "G5": 784, "GS5": 831, "A5": 880, "AS5": 932, "B5": 988, "C6": 1047, "CS6": 1109, "D6": 1175, "DS6": 1245, "E6": 1319, "F6": 1397, "FS6": 1480, "G6": 1568, "GS6": 1661, "A6": 1760, "AS6": 1865, "B6": 1976, "C7": 2093, "CS7": 2217, "D7": 2349, "DS7": 2489, "E7": 2637, "F7": 2794, "FS7": 2960, "G7": 3136, "GS7": 3322, "A7": 3520, "AS7": 3729, "B7": 3951, "C8": 4186, "CS8": 4435, "D8": 4699, "DS8": 4978 }
3.为你的歌曲创建一个音符列表(又名数组)。用字母P表示音乐中的停顿。每个音符都应该用引号括起来。
song = ["E5","G5","A5","P","E5","G5","B5","A5","P","E5","G5","A5","P","G5","E5"]
向在这个帖子上分享这段著名riff音符的人们致敬。
4.创建一个名为playtone的函数，可以使用任意频率并以最大音量播放。
def playtone(frequency): buzzer.duty_u16(1000) buzzer.freq(frequency)
5.创建一个名为bequiet的函数，通过将duty_u16更改为0来使蜂鸣器静音。
def bequiet(): buzzer.duty_u16(0)
6.创建一个名为playsong的函数，您将使用它来遍历音符数组并播放每一个音符，或者在看到P时暂停。
def playsong(mysong): for i in range(len(mysong)): if (mysong[i] == "P"): bequiet() else: playtone(tones[mysong[i]]) sleep(0.3) bequiet()
是这样的。首先，我们创建一个for循环来遍历myssong数组中的所有值。如果值等于P，则触发be quiet;如果值不等于P，则触发playtone。注意，playtone需要一个数字频率值，因此我们必须从音调列表中获取每个音符的数字。如果我们只是播放tone(myssong [i])，它将失败，因为它将尝试播放字符串“E5”，而不是频率659，这是它需要的整数。
对于每个音调或暂停，系统维持0.3秒的睡眠状态。如果你想要更快的节奏，你可以降低时间。如果你想要慢节奏，那就加快节奏。
7.使用song参数触发playsong函数。
playsong(song)
运行此代码时，您将听到蜂鸣器播放熟悉的旋律。完整的代码应该是这样的:
from machine import Pin, PWM from utime import sleep buzzer = PWM(Pin(15)) tones = { "B0": 31, "C1": 33, "CS1": 35, "D1": 37, "DS1": 39, "E1": 41, "F1": 44, "FS1": 46, "G1": 49, "GS1": 52, "A1": 55, "AS1": 58, "B1": 62, "C2": 65, "CS2": 69, "D2": 73, "DS2": 78, "E2": 82, "F2": 87, "FS2": 93, "G2": 98, "GS2": 104, "A2": 110, "AS2": 117, "B2": 123, "C3": 131, "CS3": 139, "D3": 147, "DS3": 156, "E3": 165, "F3": 175, "FS3": 185, "G3": 196, "GS3": 208, "A3": 220, "AS3": 233, "B3": 247, "C4": 262, "CS4": 277, "D4": 294, "DS4": 311, "E4": 330, "F4": 349, "FS4": 370, "G4": 392, "GS4": 415, "A4": 440, "AS4": 466, "B4": 494, "C5": 523, "CS5": 554, "D5": 587, "DS5": 622, "E5": 659, "F5": 698, "FS5": 740, "G5": 784, "GS5": 831, "A5": 880, "AS5": 932, "B5": 988, "C6": 1047, "CS6": 1109, "D6": 1175, "DS6": 1245, "E6": 1319, "F6": 1397, "FS6": 1480, "G6": 1568, "GS6": 1661, "A6": 1760, "AS6": 1865, "B6": 1976, "C7": 2093, "CS7": 2217, "D7": 2349, "DS7": 2489, "E7": 2637, "F7": 2794, "FS7": 2960, "G7": 3136, "GS7": 3322, "A7": 3520, "AS7": 3729, "B7": 3951, "C8": 4186, "CS8": 4435, "D8": 4699, "DS8": 4978 } song = ["E5","G5","A5","P","E5","G5","B5","A5","P","E5","G5","A5","P","G5","E5"] def playtone(frequency): buzzer.duty_u16(1000) buzzer.freq(frequency) def bequiet(): buzzer.duty_u16(0) def playsong(mysong): for i in range(len(mysong)): if (mysong[i] == "P"): bequiet() else: playtone(tones[mysong[i]]) sleep(0.3) bequiet() playsong(song)
3. 可以在线制作Buzz音乐的工具
from machine import Pin, PWM from math import ceil tones = { 'C0':16, 'C#0':17, 'D0':18, 'D#0':19, 'E0':21, 'F0':22, 'F#0':23, 'G0':24, 'G#0':26, 'A0':28, 'A#0':29, 'B0':31, 'C1':33, 'C#1':35, 'D1':37, 'D#1':39, 'E1':41, 'F1':44, 'F#1':46, 'G1':49, 'G#1':52, 'A1':55, 'A#1':58, 'B1':62, 'C2':65, 'C#2':69, 'D2':73, 'D#2':78, 'E2':82, 'F2':87, 'F#2':92, 'G2':98, 'G#2':104, 'A2':110, 'A#2':117, 'B2':123, 'C3':131, 'C#3':139, 'D3':147, 'D#3':156, 'E3':165, 'F3':175, 'F#3':185, 'G3':196, 'G#3':208, 'A3':220, 'A#3':233, 'B3':247, 'C4':262, 'C#4':277, 'D4':294, 'D#4':311, 'E4':330, 'F4':349, 'F#4':370, 'G4':392, 'G#4':415, 'A4':440, 'A#4':466, 'B4':494, 'C5':523, 'C#5':554, 'D5':587, 'D#5':622, 'E5':659, 'F5':698, 'F#5':740, 'G5':784, 'G#5':831, 'A5':880, 'A#5':932, 'B5':988, 'C6':1047, 'C#6':1109, 'D6':1175, 'D#6':1245, 'E6':1319, 'F6':1397, 'F#6':1480, 'G6':1568, 'G#6':1661, 'A6':1760, 'A#6':1865, 'B6':1976, 'C7':2093, 'C#7':2217, 'D7':2349, 'D#7':2489, 'E7':2637, 'F7':2794, 'F#7':2960, 'G7':3136, 'G#7':3322, 'A7':3520, 'A#7':3729, 'B7':3951, 'C8':4186, 'C#8':4435, 'D8':4699, 'D#8':4978, 'E8':5274, 'F8':5588, 'F#8':5920, 'G8':6272, 'G#8':6645, 'A8':7040, 'A#8':7459, 'B8':7902, 'C9':8372, 'C#9':8870, 'D9':9397, 'D#9':9956, 'E9':10548, 'F9':11175, 'F#9':11840, 'G9':12544, 'G#9':13290, 'A9':14080, 'A#9':14917, 'B9':15804 } #Time, Note, Duration, Instrument (onlinesequencer.net schematic format) #0 D4 8 0;0 D5 8 0;0 G4 8 0;8 C5 2 0;10 B4 2 0;12 G4 2 0;14 F4 1 0;15 G4 17 0;16 D4 8 0;24 C4 8 0 class music: def __init__(self, songString='0 D4 8 0', looping=True, tempo=3, duty=2512, pin=None, pins=[Pin(0)]): self.tempo = tempo self.song = songString self.looping = looping self.duty = duty self.stopped = False self.timer = -1 self.beat = -1 self.arpnote = 0 self.pwms = [] if (not (pin is None)): pins = [pin] i = 0 for pin in pins: self.pwms.append(PWM(pins[i])) i = i + 1 self.notes = [] self.playingNotes = [] self.playingDurations = [] #Find the end of the song self.end = 0 splitSong = self.song.split(";") for note in splitSong: snote = note.split(" ") testEnd = round(float(snote[0])) + ceil(float(snote[2])) if (testEnd > self.end): self.end = testEnd #Create empty song structure while (self.end > len(self.notes)): self.notes.append(None) #Populate song structure with the notes for note in splitSong: snote = note.split(" ") beat = round(float(snote[0])); if (self.notes[beat] == None): self.notes[beat] = [] self.notes[beat].append([snote[1],ceil(float(snote[2]))]) #Note, Duration #Round up end of song to nearest bar self.end = ceil(self.end / 8) * 8 def stop(self): for pwm in self.pwms: pwm.deinit() self.stopped = True def tick(self): if (not self.stopped): self.timer = self.timer + 1 #Loop if (self.timer % (self.tempo * self.end) == 0 and (not (self.timer == 0))): if (not self.looping): self.stop() return False self.beat = -1 self.timer = 0 #On Beat if (self.timer % self.tempo == 0): self.beat = self.beat + 1 #Remove expired notes from playing list i = 0 while (i < len(self.playingDurations)): self.playingDurations[i] = self.playingDurations[i] - 1 if (self.playingDurations[i] <= 0): self.playingNotes.pop(i) self.playingDurations.pop(i) else: i = i + 1 #Add new notes and their durations to the playing list """ #Old method runs for every note, slow to process on every beat and causes noticeable delay ssong = song.split(";") for note in ssong: snote = note.split(" ") if int(snote[0]) == beat: playingNotes.append(snote[1]) playingDurations.append(int(snote[2])) """ if (self.beat < len(self.notes)): if (self.notes[self.beat] != None): for note in self.notes[self.beat]: self.playingNotes.append(note[0]) self.playingDurations.append(note[1]) #Only need to run these checks on beats i = 0 for pwm in self.pwms: if (i >= len(self.playingNotes)): pwm.duty_u16(0) else: #Play note pwm.duty_u16(self.duty) pwm.freq(tones[self.playingNotes[i]]) i = i + 1 #Play arp of all playing notes if (len(self.playingNotes) > len(self.pwms)): self.pwms[len(self.pwms)-1].duty_u16(self.duty) if (self.arpnote > len(self.playingNotes)-len(self.pwms)): self.arpnote = 0 self.pwms[len(self.pwms)-1].freq(tones[self.playingNotes[self.arpnote+(len(self.pwms)-1)]]) self.arpnote = self.arpnote + 1 return True else: return False
example.py
Find a piece of music on onlinesequencer.net, click edit, then select all notes with CTRL+A and copy them with CTRL+C Paste string as shown above after removing “;:” from the end and “Online Sequencer:120233:” from the start
from buzzer_music import music from time import sleep from machine import Pin #One buzzer on pin 0 mySong = music(song, pins=[Pin(0)]) #Four buzzers #mySong = music(song, pins=[Pin(0),Pin(1),Pin(2),Pin(3)]) while True: print(mySong.tick()) sleep(0.04)